Photo- and electro-catalytic deuteration of feedstock chemicals and pharmaceuticals: A review

Deuterium labeling techniques are widely utilized as efficient tools to study the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of pharmaceuticals. Moreover, deuterium-labeled drugs expected prolong half-life drug enhance efficacy drugs, close metabolic sites, decrease side effects. Thus, there is a rising demand for practical construction their intermediates under mild conditions. This paper timely provides an overview recent advances in both photo- electro-catalytic selective deuteration fine chemicals pharmaceuticals with low-cost sustainable deuterium source. Three types strategies discussed according mode, named atom transfer strategy, abstraction strategy deuterated water splitting respectively. The application scope mechanistic insights comprehensively. Finally, perspective on challenges future development trends also presented.